During two growing seasons there were studied 11 sunflower breeding lines and their 30 analogues obtained via backcrossing chemical mutagenesis and selected as natural mutants. The variability of such agronomic traits as crop yield seed oil content 1000 seed weight plant height leaf and petiole size number of leaves and branches and head diameter was investigated. The traits of crop yield leaf size number of branches were the most variable whereas the most stable were 1000 seed weight seed oil content plant height and the number of leaves. The influence of mutant genes which control ray flower color and shape leaf color and shape dwarfness number of leaves and ray flowers and shape of bracts on the manifestation of important agronomic traits was estimated. No negative impact of the genes of ray flower color and shape and leaf color was noticed. The gene of fringed leaf margin reduced plant height while the gene of erect petiole increased development of that trait. The genes of dwarfness can negatively influence seed oil content and 1000 seed weight.