Sunflower applications in phytotechnologies for the clean-up of inorganic and organic contaminants and pollutants are reviewed in this compilation. There have been several apprehensions on the application of phytoremediation technology. High bioproductivity and biomass yield are a must for the success of this strategy. The phytoextraction coefficient of sunflowers is high compared with many other species. Sunflower is a proven laboratory and field example for the emerging environmental industry. It is the most promising terrestrial candidate for metal and radionuclide removal from water. Rhizofiltration of U from water using sunflower plants was demonstrated in pilot-scale experiments. Sunflower accumulates Cs and Sr, with Cs remaining in the roots and Sr moving into the shoots. Published research reports have indicated that sunflower accelerated the mineralization of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) in an abandoned pasture, forest land and a floodplain. Chelator assisted metal accumulation; mycorrhizal fungi enhanced toxic trace elements accumulation and tolerance of plants are increasingly considered for remediation of mining sites.