From virtual self-sufficienry in edible oil supply in 1960, Egypt lapsed back to depedence on imports because ofsharp population increase, increased oil consumption and a reduction in the acreage under cotton, the main oil crop in the country. Attempts to improve the edible oil production in Eryot made it evident that synthetic sunflower varieties are a more viable option than sunflower hybrids. Having defined a model cultivar for Egypt in 1982, the author established and tested a collection of land varieties from Middle and Upper Erypt. The accessions showed good yielding ability, vigorous growtlr and adaptabitity on one side and tall steam, late maturity and low oil content on the other. Based on the expcriments and combining atrility results, three land varieties and two cultivan wcre selected for female parents of a lrase synthetic population intended to be made.Regarding the male parent, VN-03, VN-04 and VN-05 were selected for earliness and short steam, Citosol, Drysol and ISEA for high oil content and large head.The materials gathered wcre sclfcd for two ycars, srossed by hand, and the obtâined seeds sown in two diverse locations in 19S(r, for selcction for smaller height, largcr heatl, at'scnce of natural disease symptoms, bird resistancc, high seed yield and high oil contcnt. 'I'he two groups were differentiated to carly high oil and medium late high oil genotypes. l'he seeds in each group were mixed to form Synthctic-l fur group I and Synthctic -1 for group I I. TLe former synthetic was futher tcsted at Suez Canal University, the latler by thc author of this paper. Dominance of tall plants and transgressive segregation for achene yield per plant and oil percentage were the problems which confronted the author. lle started a program of recurrent sclection to increase gene frequencies for the desired clraracten. After one cycle of recurrent selection, the synthetic was divided in six sub-populations according to achene yield, oil content or oil yield and sccd color. These sub-populations are presently in a cycle of population improvement.